Mutambo
Kurume 8 izuva reInternational Working Women’s Day.Izvo zvinodikanwa kukurukura kuti zvinorevei kuvakadzi kuti mota dzakawanda dzinowanzobatanidzwa nemifananidzo yevarume.
Nyika nematunhu akasiyana ane nzira dzakasiyana dzekupemberera mutambo uyu.Vamwe vanotarisa kuremekedzwa, kukoshesa uye rudo rwevakadzi, uye vamwe vanopemberera kubudirira kwevakadzi mune zvehupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika nemagariro evanhu.Parizvino, nharaunda yekuChina yesainzi uye tekinoroji iri kunetsekana zvakanyanya nezve nzira yekuenderera mberi nekuburitsa kukosha kwevanhu uye hunyanzvi hwevashandi vechikadzi vesainzi uye tekinoroji, uye maitiro ekugadzira nzvimbo yakanaka yekusimudzira basa revashandi vechikadzi vesainzi uye tekinoroji.Yakapa mitemo yakaita seMatanho akati wandei eKutsigira Matarenda eChikadzi Sainzi neTekinoroji Kuita Basa Guru muSainzi uye Tekinoroji Innovation.Indasitiri yemotokari, iyo iri kusangana neshanduko dzisina kumboitika mumakore zana, ibasa rakakosha rekuvandudza tekinoroji.Manheru emutambo uyu, sangano reChina Society of Automotive Engineering rakaita musangano wechitanhatu weWomen’s Technological Innovation Salon uye Women’s Elite Forum yeChina Association for Science and Technology.
Munyori akakokwa kuti atore foramu yetafura ine dingindira re "simba revakadzi uye kukosha kwechiyero muindasitiri yemotokari", kusanganisira vaongorori vechikadzi nevatungamiriri kubva kumasangano ekutsvagisa zvesainzi, masangano ekudhinda nekudhinda, uye makambani ekutanga, kubva. kusimudzira basa revakadzi mumunda wemotokari kusvika pachiyero pakati pehupenyu nebasa, uyezve kudiwa kwekudzidza zvakawanda nezve ruzivo rwevatyairi vevakadzi mualgorithm yekutyaira otomatiki.Hurukuro yakatsva yakapera mumutsara mumwe: mota hadzizoregi vakadzi vachienda, uye simba revakadzi riri kutora chikamu muindasitiri yemotokari nekudzika kusati kwamboitika uye hupamhi.
Environment
Muzivi wechiFrench Beauvoir akati mu "Second Bonde" kuti kunze kwechimiro chepanyama chepanyama, maitiro ese e "chikadzi" evakadzi anokonzerwa nenzanga, uye ndizvo zvakaitawo varume.Akasimbisa kuti nharaunda ine simba guru pakuenzana kwevakadzi, kunyangwe simba rekuita sarudzo.Nekuda kwemwero webudiriro yekubudirira, vakadzi vanga vari munzvimbo ye "bonde rechipiri" kubva vanhu vakapinda munzanga yemadzibaba.Asi nhasi, tatarisana neshanduko yechina yemaindasitiri.Mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwemagariro evanhu, ayo anonyanya kutsamira pasimba remuviri, ari kukurumidza kushanduka kuenda kuhunyanzvi hwesainzi uye tekinoroji, izvo zvinonyanya kutsamira pahuchenjeri hwepamusoro uye hunyanzvi.Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, vakadzi vakawana nzvimbo isati yamboonekwa yebudiriro uye rusununguko rwakawanda rwekusarudza.Pesvedzero yevakadzi mukugadzirwa kwemagariro nehupenyu yakakwira nekukurumidza.Nzanga ine chido chekuenzana kwevanhukadzi iri kuwedzera.
Indasitiri yemotokari inoshanduka inotakura zvakanaka, ichipa vakadzi sarudzo dzakawanda uye rusununguko, zvese muhupenyu nekusimudzira basa.
Car
Mota iyi yanga yakasungwa zvisingaite nevakadzi kubva payakazvarwa.Mutyairi wemotokari wekutanga munyika ndiBertha Linger, mudzimai waCarl Benz;Vatengi vechikadzi veakaundi yemhando yepamusoro ye34% ~ 40%;Zvinoenderana nenhamba dzemasangano eongororo, pfungwa dzevakadzi dzinoita basa rekupedzisira musarudzo nhatu dzekupedzisira dzekutenga mota dzemhuri.Mabhizinesi emotokari haana kumbobvira anyanya kutarisisa manzwiro evatengi vechikadzi.Pamusoro pekupa zvakawanda kune vatengi vechikadzi maererano nechimiro uye ruvara, ivo vanonyanya kutarisisa kune ruzivo rwevafambi vechikadzi maererano nekugadzirwa kwemukati, senge yechikadzi yakasarudzika mota yevatakuri;Kuzivikanwa kwemotokari dzinotakura otomatiki, kushandiswa kwemamepu ekufambisa, kupaka yakazvimiririra uye kumwe kutyaira kwekubatsira uye kunyangwe mwero wepamusoro wemabasa ekutyaira otomatiki, kusanganisira kugovana mota, zvese zvinobvumira vakadzi kuwana rusununguko rwakawanda uye mufaro mumotokari.
Dhata, software, hungwaru hweInternet kubatana, Generation Z… mota dzakapihwa mamwe fashoni uye tekinoroji zvinhu.Mabhizinesi emotokari nemotokari ari kubvisa zvishoma nezvishoma mufananidzo we "murume wesainzi uye tekinoroji", achitanga "kubuda mudenderedzwa", "kuyambuka muganhu", "mabhuku nehunyanzvi", uye mavara echikadzi zvakare haana kwaakarerekera.
Carmaking
Kunyangwe iyi ichiri indasitiri inotongwa nemainjiniya echirume, nekupihwa simba kweakasiyana software uye matekinoroji matsva, vanowedzera vakadzi mainjiniya emotokari vakaonekwa mune rondedzero yevakuru veR&D nemaneja makuru mumakore achangopfuura.Mota iri kupa vakadzi nzvimbo yakakura yekukura basa.
Mumakambani emotokari emarudzi akawanda, vatevedzeri vemutungamiri anoona nezvenyaya dzeveruzhinji vanowanzove vakadzi, vakaita saYang Meihong weFord China naWan Li weAudi China.Vanoshandisa simba revakadzi kuvaka hukama hutsva hwepfungwa pakati pezvigadzirwa nevashandisi, mabhizinesi nevatengi uye midhiya.Pakati pemhando dzemotokari dzeChinese, hapana chete Wang Fengying, mutambi wemotokari ane mukurumbira achangove mutungamiri weXiaopeng Automobile, asiwo Wang Ruiping, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weGeely, ari kuita tsvagiridzo nekuvandudza kwezvakaoma- core tekinoroji simba system.Vose vanoona kure uye vane ushingi, uye vane unyanzvi hwakasiyana uye maitiro akashinga.Vava mwari wegungwa.Vamwe vatungamiri vechikadzi vakaonekwa mumakambani ekutanga ekutyaira, akadai saCai Na, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weMinmo Zhihang, Huo Jing, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weQingzhou Zhihang, naTeng Xuebei, mukuru mukuru weXiaoma Zhihang.Kune zvakare vakadzi vakawanda vakanaka mumasangano eindasitiri yemotokari, vakaita saGong Weijie, Mutevedzeri weMunyori Mukuru weChina Society of Automotive Engineering, naZhao Haiqing, Mutungamiriri weBazi Remotokari reMechanical Industry Press.
Brand uye hukama neveruzhinji inzvimbo dzechinyakare dzehunyanzvi hwevatyairi vemotokari, uye kune vakawanda vashandi vepasi kusvika kumamaneja epakati nepamusoro.Kwemakore, takaona vatungamiri vakawanda mukutsvakurudza kwesayenzi uye minda yezvidzidzo apo vakadzi vanowanzoita "kusavapo kwakanyanya", vakadai saZhou Shiying, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weFAW Group Research and Development Institute, Wang Fang, sainzi mukuru weChina Automotive Technology Research. Center, naNie Bingbing, purofesa wechidiki uye mutevedzeri wemunyori weParty Committee yeChikoro cheMotokari uye Zvekufambisa paTsinghua University, Zhu Shaopeng, mutevedzeri wemukuru weInstitute of Power Machinery uye Vehicle Engineering yeZhejiang University, uyo akatakura. kunze kwekutsvagisa kwekupayona kwemumba mumunda wemagetsi emagetsi
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwazvino hweChina Association for Science and Technology, kune mamirioni makumi mana evashandi vesainzi uye tekinoroji muChina, vanoverengera makumi mana%.Munyori haana data nezve indasitiri yemotokari, asi kubuda kweava "chinzvimbo chepamusoro" vashandi vemotokari vechikadzi vanogona kuita kuti indasitiri ione simba revakadzi rakawanda uye kupa mikana yakawanda yekusimudzira basa revamwe vashandi vechikadzi vehunyanzvi.
kuzvivimba
Muindasitiri yemotokari, isimba rerudzii iro simba rechikadzi riri kusimuka?
Paforamu yetafura, vashanyi vanoisa mazwi mazhinji akakosha, sekutarisa, tsitsi, kushivirira, kusimba, zvichingodaro.Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza ndechekuti mota inozvimiririra inowanikwa "ine hutsinye" mukuedzwa.Zvinoitika kuti chikonzero ndechekuti ivo vanonyanya kutevedzera tsika dzekutyaira dzevatyairi vechirume.Naizvozvo, makambani ekutyaira otomatiki anofunga kuti anofanirwa kurega iyo algorithm idzidze zvakawanda kubva kune vatyairi vechikadzi.Muchokwadi, kubva muhuwandu hwe data, mukana wetsaona dzevatyairi vechikadzi wakadzikira pane wevatyairi vechirume."Vakadzi vanogona kuita kuti mota dziwedzere budiriro."
Madzimai emakambani ekutanga makambani anoti havadi kubatwa zvakanaka nekuda kwevakadzi, sezvavasingadi kufuratirwa nekuda kwevakadzi.Ava vakadzi vane ruzivo rwakanyanya vanoda kuenzana chaiko muindasitiri yemotokari.Munyori akarangarira simba idzva rekuvaka motokari rakanga radonha.Apo kambani yakaratidza zviratidzo zvedambudziko, muvambi wechirume akatiza, uye pakupedzisira mukuru wechikadzi akasara.Mumatambudziko ose, akaedza kugadzirisa mamiriro acho uye kuderedza muhoro wake.Pakupedzisira, kunyange zvazvo zvakanga zvakaoma kumira ndoga uye chivako chaizodonha, ushingi, mutoro uye mutoro wevakadzi panguva yakaoma zvakaita kuti denderedzwa rishamise.
Nyaya mbiri idzi dzinogona kunzi ndiwo maonerwo esimba revakadzi mumotokari.Naizvozvo, vaenzi vakati: “Iva nechivimbo!”
Muzivi weFrance Sartre aidavira kuti kuvapo kunotangira musimboti.Vanhu havasarudze zviito zvavo zvichibva pane zvakamisikidzwa uye zvakasimbiswa hunhu hwevanhu, asi nzira yekuzvigadzira nekuzvirima, uye vanosarudza kuvepo kwavo nehuwandu hwezviitiko zvakatevedzana.Panyaya yekuvandudzwa kwebasa uye kukura kwemunhu, vanhu vanogona kutamba danho ravo rekuzvimirira, kusarudza basa ravanofarira, uye kushingirira mukurwisa kuti vabudirire.Panyaya iyi, varume nevakadzi havana kukamukana.Kana iwe ukaisa zvakanyanya kukoshesa "vakadzi", iwe unokanganwa maitiro ekuve "vanhu", izvo zvingave kubvumirana kwevakadzi vakabudirira vepamusoro muindasitiri yemotokari.
Nenzira iyi, munyori haatombobvumirani ne "Zuva ramwarikadzi" uye "Zuva raMambokadzi".Kana vakadzi vachida kutsvaga budiriro yebasa iri nani uye nharaunda yekukura kwemunhu, vanofanirwa kutanga vazviona se "vanhu", kwete "vamwari" kana "madzimambo".Munguva dzazvino, izwi rekuti "vakadzi", iro raizivikanwa zvakanyanya pamwe chete neMay 4th Movement uye kupararira kweMarxism, juxtaposed "vakadzi vakaroora" uye "vakadzi vasina kuroorwa", izvo zvinonyatso kuratidzwa kwerusununguko uye kuenzana.
Ehe, havasi vese vanofanirwa kuve "vakakwirira", uye vakadzi havafanirwe kudikanwa kuti vaite mutsauko mukusimudzira basa ravo.Chero bedzi vachigona kusarudza mararamiro avanoda uye vachinakidzwa nawo, ndiko kukosha kwemutambo uyu.Feminism inofanira kubvumira vakadzi kuva nerusununguko rwekuzadza mukati uye sarudzo yakaenzana.
Motokari dzinoita kuti vanhu vasununguke, uye vakadzi vanoita kuti vanhu vave nani!Motokari dzinoita kuti vakadzi vasununguke uye vakanaka!
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-10-2023